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VMware NSX 4.X Professional V2 認定 2V0-41.24 試験問題 (Q42-Q47):
質問 # 42
DRAG DROP
Sort the rule processing steps of the Distributed Firewall. Order responses from left to right.
正解:
解説:
Explanation:
The correct order of the rule processing steps of the Distributed Firewall is as follows:
Packet arrives at vfilter connection table. If matching entry in the table, process the packet.
If connection table has no match, compare the packet to the rule table.
If the packet matches source, destination, service, profile and applied to fields, apply the action defined.
If the rule table action is allow, create an entry in the connection table and forward the packet.
If the rule table action is reject or deny, take that action.
This order is based on the description of how the Distributed Firewall works in the web search results1.
The first step is to check if there is an existing connection entry for the packet in the vfilter connection table, which is a cache of flow entries for rules with an allow action. If there is a match, the packet is processed according to the connection entry. If there is no match, the packet is compared to the rule table, which contains all the security policy rules. The rules are evaluated from top to bottom until a match is found. The match criteria include source, destination, service, profile and applied to fields. The action defined by the matching rule is applied to the packet. The action can be allow, reject or deny. If the action is allow, a new connection entry is created for the packet and the packet is forwarded to its destination. If the action is reject or deny, the packet is dropped and an ICMP message or a TCP reset message is sent back to the source.
質問 # 43
In an NSX environment, an administrator is observing low throughput and congestion between the Tier-0 Gateway and the upstream physical routers.
Which two actions could address low throughput and congestion? (Choose two.)
正解:A、E
解説:
Configure ECMP on the Tier-0 gateway: ECMP (Equal-Cost Multi-Path) allows multiple paths for traffic between the Tier-0 Gateway and the upstream physical routers, effectively distributing the traffic load and improving throughput. By enabling ECMP, you can reduce congestion and increase bandwidth utilization, thus addressing performance issues.
Deploy Large size Edge node/s: Deploying larger Edge nodes can provide more resources (CPU, memory, and network interfaces) to handle higher throughput and reduce congestion. This is especially important if the existing Edge node is overwhelmed by the amount of traffic.
質問 # 44
A company Is deploying NSX micro-segmentation in their vSphere environment to secure a simple application composed of web. app, and database tiers.
The naming convention will be:
* WKS-WEB-SRV-XXX
* WKY-APP-SRR-XXX
* WKI-DB-SRR-XXX
What is the optimal way to group them to enforce security policies from NSX?
正解:B
解説:
The answer is C. Group all by means of tags membership.
Tags are metadata that can be applied to physical servers, virtual machines, logical ports, and logical segments in NSX. Tags can be used for dynamic security group membership, which allows for granular and flexible enforcement of security policies based on various criteria1 In the scenario, the company is deploying NSX micro-segmentation to secure a simple application composed of web, app, and database tiers. The naming convention will be:
WKS-WEB-SRV-XXX
WKY-APP-SRR-XXX
WKI-DB-SRR-XXX
The optimal way to group them to enforce security policies from NSX is to use tags membership. For example, the company can create three tags: Web, App, and DB, and assign them to the corresponding VMs based on their names. Then, the company can create three security groups: Web-SG, App-SG, and DB-SG, and use the tags as the membership criteria. Finally, the company can create and apply security policies to the security groups based on the desired rules and actions2 Using tags membership has several advantages over the other options:
It is more scalable and dynamic than using Edge as a firewall between tiers. Edge firewall is a centralized solution that can create bottlenecks and performance issues when handling large amounts of traffic3 It is more simple and efficient than doing a service insertion to accomplish the task. Service insertion is a feature that allows for integrating third-party services with NSX, such as antivirus or intrusion prevention systems. Service insertion is not necessary for basic micro-segmentation and can introduce additional complexity and overhead.
It is more flexible and granular than creating an Ethernet based security policy. Ethernet based security policy is a type of policy that uses MAC addresses as the source or destination criteria. Ethernet based security policy is limited by the scope of layer 2 domains and does not support logical constructs such as segments or groups.
To learn more about tags membership and how to use it for micro-segmentation in NSX, you can refer to the following resources:
VMware NSX Documentation: Security Tag 1
VMware NSX Micro-segmentation Day 1: Chapter 4 - Security Policy Design 2 VMware NSX 4.x Professional: Security Groups VMware NSX 4.x Professional: Security Policies
質問 # 45
Which two of the following will be used for ingress traffic on the Edge node supporting a Single Tier topology? (Choose two.)
正解:A、E
解説:
Tier-1 SR Router Port: This port is used for ingress traffic on the Tier-1 Service Router (SR), which handles traffic as it enters the Tier-1 gateway.
Tier-1 SR Router Port: This port is used for ingress traffic on the Tier-1 Service Router (SR), which handles traffic as it enters the Tier-1 gateway.
質問 # 46
What are two characteristics of a Software Defined Networking (SDN) solution? (Choose two.)
正解:B、E
質問 # 47
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